Your Rights If the Police Stop You
Being stopped or questioned by police does not strip away your rights. You can ask why you are being stopped, stay calm, and you cannot be detained indefinitely without arrest.
Your Rights
Right to know the reason
You may ask the officer why you are being stopped and what offence is suspected.
Right against self-incrimination
Article 20(3) protects you from being forced to be a witness against yourself.
No indefinite detention
Stopping for questioning is not arrest. You cannot be held without being formally arrested and informed of grounds.
Dignity & no torture
You cannot be beaten, abused or humiliated. Custodial violence is illegal.
What To Do — Step by Step
- 1
Stay calm and cooperative
Do not run or argue physically. Keep your hands visible.
- 2
Ask politely why you are stopped
Note the officer's name and badge/buckle number.
- 3
Do not sign blank papers
Read anything before signing; ask for a copy.
- 4
If detained, ask to inform a family member or lawyer
This is your right under arrest safeguards.
Constitution Articles That Apply
Key Laws & Judgments
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BNSS, 2023 — Sections on arrest & detention
Replaced the CrPC from 1 July 2024.
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D.K. Basu v. State of West Bengal (1997)
Supreme Court arrest/custody guidelines.
This guide is for general awareness only and is not legal advice. Laws and procedures change and vary by state. For your specific case, consult a qualified lawyer or your nearest District Legal Services Authority (free legal aid). In an emergency, call 112.
Frequently Asked Questions
Can police search me without a warrant?
Police may conduct a reasonable search in specific situations (e.g. cognizable offence suspicion or at a checkpoint), but they must follow procedure. A woman can only be searched by a female officer.
Can I refuse to go to the police station?
If you are not arrested, you cannot be compelled. If the police want you for questioning they generally issue a written notice. If arrested, you must be informed of the grounds.