Your Rights If Your Employer Does Not Pay Wages
Wages must be paid on time. You can send a written demand, file a claim under the wage laws, and approach the labour authorities or the Labour Court.
Your Rights
Right to timely wages
Wages must be paid within the wage period set by law.
Equal pay
Equal pay for equal work, without gender discrimination (Article 39(d)).
No unlawful deductions
Deductions are allowed only as permitted by law.
What To Do — Step by Step
- 1
Send a written demand / email to your employer
Keep proof of dues (offer letter, payslips, attendance).
- 2
File a claim with the Labour Commissioner / Inspector
Under the wage laws there is a time-bound claims process.
- 3
Approach the Labour Court / Industrial Tribunal if unresolved
- 4
For PF/ESI issues, complain to EPFO / ESIC
Use the EPFO grievance portal.
Constitution Articles That Apply
Key Laws & Judgments
-
Code on Wages, 2019
Timely payment and minimum wages.
-
Payment of Wages Act, 1936
Where still applicable.
-
Industrial Disputes Act, 1947
Dispute resolution / Labour Court.
This guide is for general awareness only and is not legal advice. Laws and procedures change and vary by state. For your specific case, consult a qualified lawyer or your nearest District Legal Services Authority (free legal aid). In an emergency, call 112.
Frequently Asked Questions
Is there a time limit to claim unpaid wages?
Yes — wage claims are time-bound (commonly within 12 months of the dues becoming payable), though authorities may condone delay for sufficient cause.
Can my employer withhold my full-and-final settlement?
No. Final settlement and statutory dues must be released as per law; unjustified withholding can be challenged before the labour authority.